image sensor flat panel sensor large area with tiling construction, high-speed frame rate C9252DK-14 flat panel sensor C9252DK-14 is a digital x-ray image sensor newly developed as key devices for use in ct imaging, somatology a nd biochemical application. features applications l large area (12 24 cm) with two c10322d chips tiling l wide dynamic range l high sensitivity: 6000 lsb/mr l high-speed frame rate: 30 frames/s l flat panel structure wituout image distortion l 13-bit digital output (for whole scan mode) l whole scan and partial scan mode selectable l ct imaging l somatology l biochemical imaging, etc. preliminary data oct. 2007 1 kaccc0381ea amp array no. 1 vertical shift register timing pulse generator oscillator exttrg pixel number pixel number vsync hsync pclk a/d intext external power supply a.vdd, d.vdd (not attached) amp array no. 9 no. 16 no. 8 photodiode array port a port b note: signals are read out in order of pixel number. buffer amp buffer amp processing amp processing amp l1 l2 l624 l625 l1248 l623 l388753 l389376 bias generator fifo a/d fifo video output port b (13-bit digital) video output port a (13-bit digital) vertical shift register a/d buffer amp buffer amp processing amp processing amp fifo a/d fifo photodiode array r1 r2 r624 r625 r1248 r623 r388753 r389376 block diagram C9252DK-14 is a lightweight and compact flat panel sensor consisting of a sensor board and a control board. the sensor board has 16 charge-sensitive amplifier arrays each having 78 ch amplifiers with a horizontal shift register. analog video signals ar e amplified as the charge on each video line by 1248 ch charge amplifiers with cds (correlated double sampling) circuits added, and are output each of 16 amplifier arrays. the control board converts the analog video signal into a 13-bit digital signal and outputs it to an external frame grabber through the 13-bit parallel port.
flat panel sensor C9252DK-14 2 general ratings parameter specification unit pixel size 200 200 m photodiode area 249.6 124.8 mm number of pixels 1248 624 pixels number of active pixels 1216 616 pixels readout charge amplifier array - video output (data1 - 13) lvds (differential) 13-bit for ct, 12-bit for partial mode - output data rate 15.15 mhz synchronous signal (vsync, hsync, pclk) lvds (differential) - exttrg, intext ttl - scintillator direct deposition csi - absolute maximum ratings (ta=25 c) parameter symbol value unit supply voltage for digital circuitry (+5 v) d.vdd +6.0 v supply voltage for analog circuitry (+5 v) a.vdd +6.0 v input voltage (exttrg, intext) vin 0 to 6.0 v operating temperature * 1 to p r 0 to +35 c storage temperature * 1 tstg 0 to +50 c *1: no condensation. specification (ta=25 c, a.vdd= 5.0 v, d.vdd= 5.0 v) parameter symbol min. typ. max. unit frame rate (single operation) sf (int) 28.5 30 - frames/s frame rate external sf (ext) - sf (int) to 10 - frames/s noise (rms) * 2 n (rms) - 2600 - electrons saturation charge csat - 8.3 - m electrons sensitivity * 3 s 4800 6000 - lsb/mr resolution * 4 reso 2 2.5 - line pairs/mm dynamic range - - 3200 - - defect line * 5 - - - 20 lines blemish * 5 - - - 600 m uniformity of sensitivity * 5 - - - 4 % defect cluster * 5 - not allowed - low sensitivity line at tiling edge * 5 - - - 1 lines bright line output adjacent to a defect line * 5 - - - 120 % output offset * 6 - - 130 400 lsb *2: internal trigger mode, single operation *3: 80 kvp, acrylic filter 170 mm *4: spatial frequency at ctf=5 % *5: see p.7, p.8, ?description of terms?. *6: average of all effective pixels in single operation at sf (int) note: x-ray energy range is 20 k to 90 kvp. resolution (whole scan mode) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 [ta=25 ?c, a.vdd=5.0 v, d.vdd=5.0 v] spatial frequency (line pairs/mm) ctf (%) 0 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 kaccb0136ea
flat panel sensor C9252DK-14 3 specification of partial scan mode (typ. ta=25 c, a.vdd= 5.0 v, d.vdd= 5.0 v) parameter symbol value unit pixel size - 100 100 m number of active pixels * 7 - 2432 100 pixels partial frame speed - 146 frames/s noise (rms) n (rms) 1300 electrons saturation charge csat 4.2 m electrons sensitivity * 8 - 1500 lsb/mr dynamic range - 3200 - resolution reso 4.5 line pairs/mm *7: the position of the active area under the partial scan mode is described in dimensional outline *8: 80 kvp, acrylic filter 170 mm note: x-ray energy range is from 20 k to 90 kvp. timing chart to acquire images through an image grabber board, write parameters in the software program or parameter file by referring to the following timing chart and description. kaccc0361eb 1 frame 1st row 2nd row he enlarged view dummy lines phe pg phe phd phd phe 1st row 2nd row 1st row 2nd row all pulses are counted in the high period of hsync+ all pulses are counted at the riging edge of pclk+. the effective video output is only included in the phe period. hsync+ are output continuously while vsync+ is low. last row vsync+ (grabber) vsync+ (grabber) hsync+ (grabber) hsync+ (grabber) pclk+ (grabber) whole scan partial scan parameter port a, port b port a, port b dummy line 8 0 effective line 616 100 he dummy line 0 0 dummy pixel 16 32 effective pixel 608 1216 phe dummy pixel 0 0 phd 576 172 pg 80 80 note: ? he ? is the hsync count. ? phe ? , ? phd ? and ? pg ? are the pclk count.
flat panel sensor C9252DK-14 4 (typ.) parameter symbol value unit delay time (only external trigger mode) tvd 127 s cycle time (internal trigger mode) tvc 6.86 ms vsync dummy pulse width tvdpw 603 s note: the numbers of siginificant figures is two. (except tvc) kaccc0341eb recommendation: 50 % of frame time frame time (tvc to tmax) tvd txray tvc - tvdpw exttrglemo exttrggrb (ttl) vsync+ (lvds) hsync+, pclk+ and data 1-12 are the same as internal trigger mode. tmax is defined as the reciprocal of the minimum value of sf (ext). txray = frame time - tvd - (tvc - tvdpw) external trigger mode to acquire images in external trigger mode, input an external trigger pulse as shown below. when the time tvd has passed after the rising edge of the external trigger pulse, synchronous signals and video signals are output. when used in synchronization with a pulsed x-ray source, x-rays should be irradiated during the txray period. system requirements to operate C9252DK-14 at full performance, the following system and peripherals are required. pc: ibm compatible pc running on windows xp digital frame grabber card: monochrome 16 bits or more, pixel clock 15.15 mhz or more, lvds interface synchronous signal (see the frame grabber manual.) the national instruments imaq pci-1424 (ni parts no. 777662-02) frame grabber has been verified to successfully acquire 13- bit or 12-bit digital images from C9252DK-14. you can utilize the demonstration software that comes with the frame grabber as a simple viewer, to acquire and save an image. to do so, refer to the frame grabber user?s guide for how to use the camera information file for the demonstration software. power source: a.vdd = +5.0 0.1 v (1.6 a), d.vdd = +5.0 0.1 v (400 ma) please use a low noise series power supply. (avoid using a switching power supply.) a power cable (terminated with an db- 25pf-n plug at one end and open at the other end; 2 m; see table 3.), an external trigger cable (terminated with an ecp.0s.302.cll plug at one end and open at the other end; 5 m; see table 4.) and an earth cable (awg 18; 4 m) come supplied with C9252DK-14. an optional frame grabber cable for interface with the 68-pin receptacle (see table 1) on C9252DK-14 is also available for synchronous signal, video output and external control. the voltages described above are specified at the flat panel sensor side. the impedance of the power cable attached with the flat panel sensor is low enough but it causes 0.1 v approx. drop. therefore the voltage at the power source side should be set 0.1 v higher than the voltage specified above. install a noise filter on the ac power input line to prevent surges on the ac li ne. the earth terminal must be connected to a stable earth point to eliminate noise from surroundings.
flat panel sensor C9252DK-14 5 table 1: pin assignment of 68-pin receptacle pin no. signal pin no. signal 1 a_data1+ (lsb) 35 a_data1- (lsb) 2 a_data2+ 36 a_data2- 3 a_data3+ 37 a_data3- 4 a_data4+ 38 a_data4- 5 a_data5+ 39 a_data5- 6 a_data6+ 40 a_data6- 7 a_data7+ 41 a_data7- 8 a_data8+ 42 a_data8- 9 a_data9+ 43 a_data9- 10 a_data10+ 44 a_data10- 11 a_data11+ 45 a_data11- 12 a_data12+ 46 a_data12- 13 a_data13+ (msb) 47 a_data13- (msb) 14 reserved 48 reserved 15 b_data1+ (lsb) 49 b_data1- (lsb) 16 b_data2+ 50 b_data2- 17 b_data3+ 51 b_data3- 18 b_data4+ 52 b_data4- 19 b_data5+ 53 b_data5- 20 b_data6+ 54 b_data6- 21 b_data7+ 55 b_data7- 22 b_data8+ 56 b_data8- 23 b_data9+ 57 b_data9- 24 b_data10+ 58 b_data10- 25 b_data11+ 59 b_data11- 26 b_data12+ 60 b_data12- 27 b_data13+ (msb) 61 b_data13- (msb) 28 reserved 62 reserved 29 reserved 63 gnd 30 scan (ttl) 64 gnd 31 exttrggrb (ttl) 65 intext (ttl) 32 vsync+ 66 vsync- 33 hsync+ 67 hsync- 34 pclk+ 68 pclk- unless otherwise noted, signal level is lvds. 68-pin receptacle: pcs-xed68rfag1+ made by honda tsushin kogyo co., ltd. mating plug: pcs-xe68ma+ made by honda tsushin kogyo co., ltd. pins described ? reserved ? are prepared for an extension in the future. do not connect any signal, power or gnd to this plug. no. 31 and no. 65 require ttl interface and other signals require lvds interface. the signal cables is not attached to the flat panel sensor. table 2: mode selection mode whole scan mode partial scan mode no.30 pin (scan) low high or no connection
flat panel sensor C9252DK-14 video output (13-bit digital) vsync, hsync, pclk intext exttrg frame grabber monitor pc/at (rear view) C9252DK-14 x-ray source object os + image acquisition software voltage source [a.vdd, d.vdd] 6 table 3: power supply pin assignment and cable color pin no. signal cable color mark color pin no. signal cable color mark color 1 no connection brown - 14 no connection red - 2 no connection orange - 15 a5. gnd yellow - 3 a5. gnd green - 16 a5. gnd blue - 4 a. +5 v purple - 17 a. +5 v gray - 5 a. +5 v white - 18 d. gnd black - 6 d. gnd brown white 19 d. gnd red white 7 d. +5 v orange white 20 d. +5 v yellow white 8 d. +5 v green white 21 reserved - - 9 reserved - - 22 reserved - - 10 reserved - - 23 reserved - - 11 reserved - - 24 reserved - - 12 reserved - - 25 reserved - - 13 reserved - - 25-pin receptacle: db-25pf-n made by japan aviation electronics industry, ltd. mating plug: db-25sf-n made by japan aviation electronics industry, ltd. table 4: external trigger pin assignment and cable color pin no. color signal 1 red exttrglemo 2 black gnd 2-pin receptacle: ecp.0s.302.cll made by lemo s.a. mating plug: ffa.0s.302.clac37 made by lemo s.a. kaccc0382ea connection install the digital frame grabber board into the pc by the manufacture ? s instructions. when a general-purpose frame grabber board is used, trigger operation for intext and exttrg can be controlled with its digital i/o control.
flat panel sensor C9252DK-14 dimensional outline (unit: mm, tolerance: 1 mm unless otherwise noted) notice do not subject the flat panel sensors to strong vibration or shock. (strong shock such as drop impacts may cause permanent damage to these sensors.) users must take responsibility for implementing x-ray shielding safety measures to avoid the risk of x-ray exposure. data listed in this datasheet is defined at the time shipment. characteristics may vary somewhat due to exposure to x-rays so take proper countermeasures such as making periodic image correction. this product is warranted for a period of 12 months after the date of the shipment. the warranty is limited to replacement or repair of any defective product due to defects in workmanship or materials used in manufacture. the warranty does not cover loss or damage caused by natural disaster, misuse (including modifications and any use not complying with the environment, application, usage and storage conditions described in this datasheet), or total radiation dose over 25000 roentgen (90 kv) even within the warranty period. 7 kacca0223ea active area 123.2 296 partial scan area 10 228 active area 243.2 ext.trg power digital out 196 * 18 * 32 22 scintilator to top cover 9.5 scintilator to top cover 11.4 14.5 150 * 125 * * 0.5 10 * cmos flat panel sensor C9252DK-14 26.3 53.3 39.8 top cover is made of carbon filter (1.0 mm thickness). weight: 4.0 kg 30 53.5 109.8 (6 ) m3 depth 5 whole scan (1215, 615) partial scan (2431, 99) (0, 0) kacca0223ea description of terms [blemish] length of pixel cluster which has less sensitivity than 90 % of the average of the surrounding pixels. except 1 mm area from tiling edge. [bright line output adjacent to a defect line] the relative output ratio ? a/b ? has to be less than 120 % for both horizontal and vertical defect lines, where ? a ? is the average of the light output (line a) for the adjacent line to the defect line, and ? b ? is the average of the light output (line b) for the normal line next to the line a. the average of the light output should be calculated from only defect region in the defect line. (ex: see the right figure, the defect region in the defect line of x=j is in the range from (j, 1) to (j, 15), ? a ? on the left is the average of pixel value from (i, 1) to (i, 15). ? b ? is the average of pixels (h, 1) to (h, 15). [in case of ? a ? on the right is the average of the pixel value from (k, 1) to (k, 15), ? b ? is the average of the pixel value from (l, 1) to (l, 15).] abcdefgh i j k lmnopqrs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 line b (column h. l) defect line (column j) line a (column i. k) kaccc0385ea
flat panel sensor C9252DK-14 8 description of terms [defect cluster] formed with more than 3 3 pixels which have less sensitivity than 1/8 of the average of the surrounding pixels. this is defined as defect cluster. normal pixel defective pixel this is not defined as defect cluster. kaccc0384ea [low sensitivity line at tiling edge] number of column lines which has less sensitivity than 1/3 of surrounding. [uniformity of sensitivity] 16 16 segments are 16 16-divided active area excluded 1 mm from the whole edge and tiling edge. xij is defined as the average pixel output of each segment. uniformity of sensitivity is calculated as following equation. [defect line] a defective line is a vertical or horizontal line containing 4 or more consecutive pixels that produce less than 1/8 of the average output from the surrounding pixels. adjacent defective lines are not allowed in the vertical or horizontal directions. 8 segments 5 pixels 5 pixels 5 pixels 5 pixels 5 pixels 5 pixels 75 pixels 38 pixels 38 pixels 38 pixels 36 pixels 75 pixels 75 pixels 75 pixels 75 pixels 75 pixels 75 pixels 71 pixels 8 segments 16 segments 16 segments 1 mm port a port b active area 1 mm 1 mm 1 mm 1 mm 1 mm active area kaccc0383ea unifomity of sensitivity = : standard deviation of 16 16 xij x : average value of 16 16 xij x
flat panel sensor C9252DK-14 hamamatsu photonics k.k., solid state division 1126-1 ichino-cho, higashi-ku, hamamatsu city, 435-8558 japan, telephone: (81) 53-434-3311, fax: (81) 53-434-5184, www.hamamats u.com u.s.a.: hamamatsu corporation: 360 foothill road, p.o.box 6910, bridgewater, n.j. 08807-0910, u.s.a., telephone: (1) 908-231-0 960, fax: (1) 908-231-1218 germany: hamamatsu photonics deutschland gmbh: arzbergerstr. 10, d-82211 herrsching am ammersee, germany, telephone: (49) 08152 -3750, fax: (49) 08152-2658 france: hamamatsu photonics france s.a.r.l.: 19, rue du saule trapu, parc du moulin de massy, 91882 massy cedex, france, teleph one: 33-(1) 69 53 71 00, fax: 33-(1) 69 53 71 10 united kingdom: hamamatsu photonics uk limited: 2 howard court, 10 tewin road, welwyn garden city, hertfordshire al7 1bw, unit ed kingdom, telephone: (44) 1707-294888, fax: (44) 1707-325777 north europe: hamamatsu photonics norden ab: smidesv ? gen 12, se-171 41 solna, sweden, telephone: (46) 8-509-031-00, fax: (46) 8-509-031-01 italy: hamamatsu photonics italia s.r.l.: strada della moia, 1/e, 20020 arese, (milano), italy, telephone: (39) 02-935-81-733, fax: (39) 02-935-81-741 information furnished by hamamatsu is believed to be reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. specifications are subject to change without notice. no patent rights are granted to any of the circuits described herein. ?200 7 hamamatsu photonics k.k. cat. no. kacc1146e01 oct. 2007 dn 9 optical frame grabber cable frame grabber cable type no. cable length cable end cable end a8406-62 5 m imaq pci-1424 * 9 a8406-64 10 m pcs-xe68ma+ * 10 pcs-xe100ma+ * 10 *9: made by ni (national instruments corporation) *10: made by honda tsushin kogyo co. ltd. note: the detailed information for these optional cables is shown in the datasheet of a8406 series.
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